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Channel Darter |
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Name and Code |
Family |
Percidae - perches and darters |
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Species |
Percina copelandi |
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Taxonomic Authority |
(Jordan 1877) |
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Common Name(s) |
Channel Darter |
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French Name |
fouille-roche gris |
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Conservation Status |
Global Rank (GRank) |
G4 (2011-06-19) |
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National Rank (NRank) |
N2 (2017-08-21) |
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Provincial Rank (SRank) |
S11, S22, S33 (2018-04-13) |
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COSEWIC Status |
Endangered1,2, Special Concern3 (Nov 2016) |
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SARO Status |
Special Concern (2017) |
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Status Notes |
(1) Lake Erie populations; (2) Lake Ontario populations; (3) St. Lawrence populations |
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Ecological Value |
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Length-Weight Regression Coefficents |
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Habitat and Feeding |
General Habitat(s) |
lacustrine; riverine |
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Trophic Class |
invertivore/herbivore |
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Habitat Preference |
pools and margins of riffles of small to medium rivers over sand or gravel substrates, and sand and gravel beaches and bars in lakes; prefers clear water and silt-free substrates |
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Reproduction |
Reproductive Guild |
Nonguarders: Brood hiders: Lithophils |
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Spawning Habitat(s) |
riverine |
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Spawning Month(s) |
June-July |
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Spawning Temperature (°C) |
14.5-25 |
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Nursery Habitat(s) |
lacustrine; riverine |
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Size and Age |
Adult Length (cm) |
3.8-6.1 TL |
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Adult Weight (kg) |
no data |
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Age at Maturity (yrs) |
1-2 |
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Maximum Length (cm) |
6.2 TL |
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Maximum Weight (kg) |
no data |
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Ontario Records |
Record Length (cm) |
6.1 TL |
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Ontario Range Map |
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Ontario Distribution |
St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, Detroit River, Lake Erie (western and central basins), Lake Ontario (Bay of Quinte drainage), Ottawa River (Little Rideau Creek) |
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Photographs |
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Notes |
hybrids with Logperch are reported; sensitive to turbidity and siltation; use as bait prohibited |
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Information Sources |
Bailey, R.M., W.C. Latta, and G.R. Smith. 2004. An atlas of Michigan fishes with keys and illustrations for their identification. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Miscellaneous Publications No. 192. iv + 215 pp. |
Barbour, M.T., J. Gerritsen, B.D. Snyder, and J.B. Stribling. 1999. Tolerance and trophic guilds of selected fish species. Appendix C in Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in streams and wadeable rivers: periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish, second edition. EPA 841-B-99-002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Water. Washington, DC. |
Bernatchez, L. and M. Giroux. 2000. Les poissons d’eau douce du Québec et leur répartition dans l’Est du Canada. Broquet Inc. Saint-Constant, QC. 350 pp.
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Carlander, K.D. 1997. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Volume three. Life history data on Ichthyopercid and Percid fishes of the United States and Canada. Iowa State University Press. Ames, IA. xix + 397 pp. |
Coad, B.W. with H. Waszczuk and I. Labignan. 1995. Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions. Ottawa and Waterdown, ON. viii + 928 pp. |
Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt, and C.K. Minns. 2001. Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes. Can. MS Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2554: iv + 89 p. |
Cooper, E.L. 1983. Fishes of Pennsylvania and the northeastern United States. Pennsylvania State University Press. University Park and London. vii + 243 pp. |
COSEWIC. 2016. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Channel Darter Percina copelandi, Lake Erie populations, Lake Ontario populations and St. Lawrence populations, in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xvi + 68 pp. |
COSEWIC. 2023. Canadian wildlife species at risk. October 2023. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Gatineau, QC. iv + 130 pp. |
Cudmore, B. and N.E. Mandrak. 2018. The baitfish primer: a guide to identifying and protecting Ontario's baitfishes. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bait Association of Ontario, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters. March 2018. 40 pp. |
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Desroches, J-F. and I. Picard. 2013. Poissons d’eau douce du Québec et des Maritimes. Éditions Michel Quintin. Waterloo, QC. 471 pp. |
Ditz, K. and E. Holm. 2023. Ontario Fish Species Codes and Names. Ichthyology and Herpetology, Royal Ontario Museum. May 1994. Modified February 2023. |
Etnier, D.A. and W.C. Starnes. 1993. The fishes of Tennessee. [2nd printing, 2001]. The University of Tennessee Press. Knoxville, TN. xiv + 689 pp. |
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Goodchild, C.D. 1993. Status of the Channel Darter, Percina copelandi, in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 107(4):431-439. |
Goodyear, C.S., T.A. Edsall, D.M. Ormsby Dempsey, G.D. Moss, and P.E. Polanski. 1982. Atlas of the spawning and nursery areas of Great Lakes fishes. Volume thirteen: Reproductive characteristics of Great Lakes fishes. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, DC. FWS/OBS-82/52. |
Halliwell, D.B., R.W. Langdon, R.A. Daniels, J.P. Kurtenbach, and R.A. Jacobson. 1999. Classification of freshwater fishes of the northeastern United States for use in the development of indices of biological integrity. Pages 301-337 in T.P. Simon [Ed]. Assessing the sustainability and biological integrity of water resources using fish communities. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. xx + 671 pp. |
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Lane, P.A., C.B. Portt, and C.K. Minns. 1996. Nursery habitat characteristics of Great Lakes fishes. Can. MS Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2338: v + 42 p. |
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Lane, P.A., C.B. Portt, and C.K. Minns. 1996. Spawning habitat characteristics of Great Lakes fishes. Can. MS Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2368: v + 48 p. |
Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History Publication 1980-12. Raleigh, NC. x + 867 pp. |
Mandrak, N.E. and E.J. Crossman. 1992. A checklist of Ontario freshwater fishes annotated with distribution maps. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Miscellaneous Publication. Toronto, ON. v + 176 pp. |
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NatureServe. 2023. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer [web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available https://explorer.natureserve.org/ (Accessed: February 2, 2023). |
O. Reg. 230/08 (2023). Species at Risk in Ontario List. under Endangered Species Act, 2007, S.O. 2007, c. 6.. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/080230 January 25, 2023. |
Page, L.M. 1983. Handbook of Darters. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Neptune City, NJ. 271 pp. |
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico, second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Boston, MA. xix + 663 pp. |
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Portt, C.B., G. Coker, and C.K. Minns. 1999. Riverine Habitat Characteristics of Fishes of the Great Lakes Watershed. Can. MS Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2481: vi + 62 p. |
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